The Undue Weight of Truth on Wikipedia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Undue Weight of Truth on Wikipedia - Essay Example In this context, Wikipedia identifies the avoidance of undue weight by, not recognizing minority views as representing widely held viewpoint. This is guided by the view that, minority held views give rise to undue weight, in relation to the truth. Wikipedia requires the minority views to rely on sources from majority viewpoints, and further, avoid reflecting on content sourced from a minority point of view. Wikipedia further suggest that, minority views serve to represent articles focusing on the views of the minority. The intention by Wikipedia in this sense involves presenting competing viewpoints in relation to support from sources considered as reliable (Messer-Kruse). Replacing the truth by adopting a policy of neutrality, may result in the exclusion of true information in the main space. Such is the case that affects recognized experts like Timothy Messer-Kruse, concerning the article â€Å"Haymarket affair†. Timothy complained about his contributions concerning the topi c, being watered down or scrapped off. Wikipedia focuses on epistemological standards considered radically different compared to other standards. Such standards are unfounded because Wikipedia depends on a Web oriented community. This impacts on scholars whose main aim involves a focus on traditional notions in regard to accuracy and the truth. Objective truth does not form an important aspect of the Wikipedia’s policies concerning determining the truth. Wikipedia recognizes the truth based on the frequency of a viewpoint on other publications. In this sense, as long as a new viewpoint is supported by other publication that exists online, that is enough process for Wikipedia to affirm due weight on a new view point(Messer-Kruse). Contrary to Wikipedia’s assertion of neutrality, an ideal process, entails a fair representation of all views, whether minority or majority point of view. Presenting a subject that does not imply biases, but entails focusing attention on how v iews, arguments and wordings are mentioned. Messer-Kruse took over a decade researching on the 1886 â€Å"Haymaker affair†, but received approval from a minority group of scholars. Wikipedia on its part relied on secondary publications to inform on the same topic. The idea of including the views of others concerning a scholarly article may compromise the originality of the information. This results from views, presented in a different perspective, but relating to the same topic. As noticed by Timothy while editing a Wikipedia article, the consideration of numerous views results in misleading assertions. The process of due weight in relation to truth denies the minority a chance to reflect their views in regard to an issue. Timothy conducted further research concerning evidence provided and added this to Wikipedia’s editing log. However, because of maintaining the policy of neutrality, Timothy’s assertions were not added due to lack of reliable sources as require d by the policy of neutrality. The reliance on prominent sources denies scholars the chance to document on concrete views and contributes to relevant information to the readers. Further, the existence of a policy that denies minority views an equal opportunity to provide relevant information to readers may lead to misinformation. In the same light, majority view impact on negatively on research conducted by the minority views since, the minority views are documented on a limited number of scholarly materials. As noted by Timothy, the policy related to undue weight, creates a problem in terms of denying recognition for published articles by minority views. This creates a situation where, biased documentation of scholarly materials do not recognize the views from both sides of the spectrum. For

Article project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project - Article Example The additional hiring of 80,000 workers last month is miniscule as this job gain only just keeps pace with population growth. The gain has done little to trim down the backlog of 14 million unemployed workers, avers the article. $787 billion stimulus package: The author has linked the failure of the stimulus package, announced by the U.S government at the peak of recession to the diminished chances of Barack Obama being reelected as the President of United States. 9% unemployment rate: The rate of unemployment in the United States has been hovering around the 9% mark for most part of this year now. The author compares the present rate of joblessness to the 4.6 % unemployment rate that was prevailing in the country a year before the recession began. The comparison illustrates that reaching the pre-recession glory is still a far cry for the United States. 39.4 weeks: Average time spent looking for a job: The article brings to light the difficult time the unemployed in the country are facing. The average time that an unemployed worker pounded the pavement touched 39.4 weeks in October, pretty close to the peak of 40.5 weeks recorded in September. The article suggests that the longer a person remains out of job, the more difficult it gets, for varied reasons, for that person to land a job. 34.3 hours: Average length of workweek: There has been no change in the length of the average workweek for a year now, reveals the article. The statistic remained at 34.3 hours in October as well. The author argues that companies invariably extend the workweek and make the present employees work longer before going in for fresh hiring. Therefore, a stagnant workweek does not bode well for job growth in the United States. The news article successfully integrates all information and apprises the reader why the threat of a double dip recession still looms large. There appears no bias in the article as it also refers to the positive indicators like

Mental Health Incident Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Mental Health Incident - Essay Example The Driscoll model shall be used as the reflection tool for this paper. Body: Driscoll reflective model What? A description of the event The purpose in returning to this situation is to review my actions and to evaluate whether or not these actions were in accordance with the standards of the practice. I also returned to this situation in order to establish areas of improvement and to evaluate how well I performed in the actual clinical setting. During one of my shifts in my mental health placement, I encountered an aggressive patient, who shall be referred to as Mr. Y, in order to protect his identity and maintain patient confidentiality. He was a 22 year old male patient diagnosed recently with schizophrenia. When I first approached him, he was very wary and nervous. I initially introduced myself to him and maintained a comfortable distance of about 4 feet. He was sitting on a stool looking angrily at anyone who approached him. His medication was due and I was tasked with administe ring it. Accompanied by my mentor, I approached the patient, introduced myself and said that his oral medication was due and I was there to help him take it. As I was talking, I noted that he was on the verge of aggression so I kept a safe distance from him. I waited for him to respond, but then he suddenly stood up and tried to lunge at me. I stepped away from him before he could grab me and my mentor and the other staff nurses immediately grabbed him before he could inflict any physical harm. The staff told me to proceed in giving him the medication. Since, it was an oral medication, it was difficult to administer as he clenched his jaw and tried to bite off my fingers. With some assistance from the staff members I was able to administer the medication. After the incident, he was immediately restrained and strapped to the bed. During the incident, I observed that I physically prepared myself for a possible attack from an aggressive patient, and that based on the quick response of the staff and my mentor, they were also expecting aggression from the patient. They also sensed possible aggression based on the demeanour of the patient before the incident. The assistance which was given to me during the incident was very much welcome because I would not have been able to handle the aggressive patient on my own. The main element I observed in the situation is the period of escalation from a possibly aggressive patient. The study by Beech and Leather (2003) indicate that the escalation of aggression can often be observed from the patient’s demeanour, his failure to cooperate with the staff and then finally his actual physical act of aggression. Dunn and colleagues (2007) discuss that there may be various interventions which could have been done to de-escalate his aggression and prevent the actual act of aggression. Dunn, et.al., (2007) also point out that the act of physically restraining the patient is often commonly used for these aggressive patients. Chem ical restraints could have been administered however, the staff explained that chemical restraints might not interact well with his current medications. Melillo and Houde (2011) discuss the chemical restraints administered alongside psychopharmacological drugs can have adverse interactions and can cause further agitation and confusion. Stewart, et.al., (2009) also discuss that maintaining a therapeutic distance from mental health patients is crucial in the protection of one’

Data warehouse and data mining in business Essay

Data warehouse and data mining in business - Essay Example The choice of the system depends on the firm’s priority the market is flexible and there is need to introduce a database system management that covers is adjustable. The need to develop and acquire information technology has revolutionized business. Market analysis refers to the study and acquisition of the market trends and activities associated with the market. When analyzing the market, the firm uses various methods. The most effective is data mining and various tools are used to facilitate it. Patterns are developed using data mining where graphic visualization combine with statistical analysis and refinement to produce the desired market tend or activity. The combination of the three provides for a pattern extraction from large sets of data which combine with various factors to provide emerge with a market analysis (Shaw et al, 2001). The method is also referred to as the dependency analysis. Where a relationship is drawn between the acquisition of goods and the client base of the same. This lay basis about the marketing strategies to be deployed by a given firm. It creates room for the firm to develop a strategy that dominates the market in relation to the buying power (Shaw, 1993). Marketers develop strategies that will ensure a steady market for their products. The approach gives room for a well-developed method where there is a balance between goods in that there is a continuity in supply in the market. It involves classifying customers into specified domain. The concept is to allow character summarization to be derived from a subset of data. A marketer always monitors customer trends by using the concept description. This domain and any change on preference identified and action plan taken to cover for the customers needs determine the nature of customers. The customer’s classification depends on various factors including age, gender, income and other social factors. In which different

Human Resource Development and Management D5-8 Essay

Human Resource Development and Management D5-8 - Essay Example There are a number of training models which an organization can make use of. One of these is The Systems Approach to Training (SAT) which includes different stages including need analysis, course design, delivery and evaluation or quality assurance. The environment during the implementation of this training should be supportive on part of the human resource department. The human resource departments should manage and assist the employees during all the stages of this model. Most of the employees find it difficult to adjust to changes in the workplace and therefore, in order to help them get accustomed to these changes, the management needs to provide full support to them during this process (Jay Forte, 2011). As far as the transfer environment is concerned, effective and efficient transfer of knowledge and skills should be done just before the employee has to practically implement them. This will help the employee retain and effectively use these skills taught during the training ses sions (Suzanna Simpson, n.d). a) Human Resource Planning and Training Model for Organizations Experiencing Change. (n.d.). Evan Carmichael. Retrieved February 4, 2013, from http://www.evancarmichael.com/Human-Resources/6158/Human-Resource-Planning-and-Training-Model-for-Organizations-Experiencing-Change.html b) Create a workplace learning and training environment | Mindflash. (n.d.). Create Online Training | Online Training Software | Mindflash. Retrieved February 4, 2013, from http://www.mindflash.com/blog/2011/06/why-every-great-workplace-needs-a-classroom-environment/ 2. Performance appraisal is a management tool. As such, managers may use the power of the tool in various ways. For example, a manager may use overly positive performance ratings as a reward for someone who spearheaded a project for the manager. Likewise, a manager may use overly harsh ratings as punishment for someone who objected to a project the manager promoted. As a leader in an organization, what steps would y ou take to ensure that the performance appraisal system is fair to all employees? Substantiate your opinions by using outside sources. Performance appraisal is a system through which management evaluates the performance of the employees to find areas of further growth and improvement (Performance Appraisals, n.d). This system has a number of advantages and fulfills a number of objectives for the organization including increased motivation and job satisfaction of the workers. It is a program through which manager`s expectations are communicated to the employees and their ratings are then measured. However, managers are sometimes biased towards some employees due to the recent job performances. Therefore, it should be made sure that the performance appraisals are carried out in an equitable and fair way. In order to ensure a fair and equitable system, an organization should use a multi source assessment method to prevent any biases on part of the raters evaluating the employees. The r aters should be given proper training so that they do not take out personal grudges or favor some employees. For equitable assessment, managers should relate performance appraisals to employee goals and evaluate the performance of employees based on specific criteria. This will help the managers prevent judgments based on personal biases (Can appraisal process be fair, n.d). a) Can performance

Call For Further Research To Enhance Organizational Behavior Theory Essay

Call For Further Research To Enhance Organizational Behavior Theory - Essay Example Nowadays, the organization is the principal form of employment for people around the world, and under scrutiny from all quarters. The twenty first century began with a great deal of excitement especially as the innovatory technologies of the twentieth century started to appear commonplace and every organization had already been supplied with tools through academic research to deal with additional massive organizational changes in the offing. The discipline of organizational behavior had been through its trials and tests, finally emerging as an indispensable area of learning for all twenty first century managers to have gone through. Arthur P. Brief and Howard M. Weiss (2002) describe this relatively new field of applied psychology thus: Organizations act as the engine of the world economy in our day. So, for the first time in the previous century, the psychology of workers in an organization became a focal issue in studying organizations. Employee development, organizational citizenship, organizational attachment, work attitudes, job design, turnover, leadership, absenteeism, and employee work motivation turned out to be the centers of attention with advances in psychological theory and changes in the workplace (Mowday and Sutton 1993). Developments in the understanding of personality, emotion, and cognition, and their influence on work choices and goal striving were thoroughly investigated. The entire human resources departments world over were revolutionized at the same time as economic, technological and organizational changes encouraged further research on the influence of sociocultural and environmental factors on motivation. The emergence of new theories, paradigms, and organizational concerns not only provid ed a rich matrix for the study of organizational behavior, but also provided firms with a rather attractive framework for organizational behavior modification, and in general, the art of running a firm with reference to its people (Kanfer 2006). By the end of the twentieth century it was evident that we have a borderless, international economy (Hodgetts 1999). Organizations with multinational structures could more conveniently apply the standards described in organizational behavior theory and achieve well for themselves and their communities. An organization with international outreach meant that there were many other organizations in the same boat facing the world economy as the primary source of inspiration. Applying latest international research in organizational behavior was definitely easier and more lucrative for them, just as the use of latest developments in computer technology was made mandatory in these organizations before others.Organizational behavior experts in the twentieth century did not need to give attention to tremendous transformations about to affect the world economy beginning in the twenty first century. There was no way for them to predict the effects

Kano Model Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Kano Model Analysis - Research Paper Example The major drive has been â€Å"forces of globalization†, which have contributed towards a heightened awareness of the opportunities available for education globally (Morady & Siriner, 2011, p.35). In this sense, Institutions must remain aware of the issues that influence consumer choice of institutions of higher learning because there is a lot of competition for educational services. This is the reason why it is important to research the issues that influence the degree of satisfaction of students, who are the primary consumers of educational services, in the institutions. Structure of the Report This report carries a section that considers theories relevant to the study. It gives way to a discussion of the research method used in this project, its benefits and limitations. The next section concentrates on the findings of the project, which pave way for the concluding remarks, which include a set of recommendations. Chapter I - Theory The study of consumer satisfaction falls i n the same general academic field that includes behavioural sciences, human psychology and consumer sciences. As with many other academic disciplines, there is no consensus on a single definition of consumer satisfaction. Giese and Cote (2002) summarized three basic areas that most of the definitions of consumer satisfaction cover as follows, 1) Consumer satisfaction is a response (emotional or cognitive); 2) the response pertains to a particular focus (expectations, product, consumption experience, etc.); and 3) the response occurs at a particular time (after consumption, after choice, based on accumulated experience, etc) (p.1). This summary sufficed for the needs of this research project because it captured the issues that the project sought to... The study pave way for the following conclusions which aim at providing the managers of institutions of higher learning with the information they need to improve customer satisfaction in their premises. The paper also makes appropriate recommendations: 1. Students value good lighting in their lecture rooms hence the management should always ensure that buildings incorporate natural lighting. This will increase customer satisfaction in the facilities. 2. Management must resist the urge to increase the number of students in the classes because there is a significant association of comfortable sitting space with a satisfying experience in the lecture halls. 3. Apart from the necessary equipment for air conditioning, there is diminishing value in investing in sophisticated temperature control equipment. The perceived value of comfortable temperature diminishes soon after the environment is comfortable. In this sense, institutional managers should not spend anything more than is necessary for temperature control. 4. Background music does not add much value to the overall satisfaction of students. Institutions should therefore avoid investing in this service because it is not worth it. This research project focused on the conditions of the buildings and lecture halls. Therefore, it is incomplete as a measure of the overall satisfaction of students in higher education institutions. There is need for further research that will capture the indices relating to social services and service delivery to capture the full spectrum of issues that affect the satisfaction of students in the institutions of higher learning.